Research & Articles

BPC-157 demonstrated cytoprotective and healing effects in multiple models of inflammatory bowel disease, accelerating mucosal repair and reducing inflammation markers.

BPC-157 stimulated tendon fibroblast migration and growth hormone receptor expression, suggesting a direct role in tendon repair mechanisms.

Comprehensive review of BPC-157's gastroprotective effects including ulcer healing, intestinal anastomosis recovery, and fistula healing in preclinical studies.

Systemic and local BPC-157 application significantly improved functional recovery and biomechanical properties of transected Achilles tendons in a rat model.

BPC-157 reduced brain edema, improved neurological scores, and promoted neuronal survival after experimental traumatic brain injury.

BPC-157 demonstrated protective and restorative effects on dopaminergic neurons in multiple neurotoxin-induced Parkinson's disease models.

BPC-157 accelerated Achilles tendon healing with enhanced VEGF expression and superior biomechanical properties.

BPC-157 demonstrated neuroprotective effects through modulation of the dopamine and serotonin systems across the brain-gut axis.

Thymosin beta-4 accelerated wound closure and promoted regenerative healing with reduced scarring in dermal wound models.

TB-4 was shown to activate Akt through integrin-linked kinase, promoting cardiomyocyte survival and migration after ischemic injury.

Clinical evidence supports thymosin beta-4 eye drops for corneal wound healing, showing improved epithelial repair in neurotrophic keratopathy patients.

TB-4 stimulated hair follicle stem cells and accelerated hair growth in murine wound models.

Semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly produced a mean body-weight change of −14.9% vs −2.4% with placebo over 68 weeks in adults with overweight or obesity.

Semaglutide significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 26% compared to placebo in type 2 diabetes patients at high cardiovascular risk.

Oral semaglutide achieved superior HbA1c reduction compared to empagliflozin at 26 weeks, with comparable safety profiles.

Semaglutide reduced neuroinflammation, amyloid plaque burden, and improved cognitive performance in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse models.

Semaglutide achieved NASH resolution without worsening fibrosis in 59% of patients vs 17% with placebo in a phase 2 randomized trial.

Semaglutide reduced major kidney disease events by 24% compared to placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

SELECT trial: semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 20% in overweight/obese adults without diabetes.

Tirzepatide at all doses was superior to semaglutide 1 mg in HbA1c and body weight reduction in type 2 diabetes patients.

Tirzepatide 15 mg produced a mean weight reduction of 22.5% at 72 weeks in adults with obesity, the largest effect seen with any anti-obesity medication.

Tirzepatide reduced liver fat content by up to 50% in patients with NAFLD and type 2 diabetes, suggesting hepatoprotective mechanisms beyond weight loss.

Tirzepatide reduced HbA1c, body weight, blood pressure, and lipid parameters vs insulin glargine, suggesting broad cardiometabolic benefits.

Tirzepatide was superior to insulin glargine in HbA1c and body weight reduction with lower hypoglycemia risk in patients with cardiovascular risk.

Triple-agonist retatrutide produced dose-dependent HbA1c and body weight reductions, with the highest dose achieving −24.2% weight loss at 48 weeks.