Research Index
Thymosin Beta-4 Research Index
PSI surfaces 50 peer-reviewed studies on Thymosin Beta-4, prioritized by evidence strength: human clinical research first, then animal studies. The full historical archive is linked below on PubMed.
50 studies
Muscle growth mediates the increases in muscle strength in untrained older women.
Kassiano W, Stavinski N, Costa B et al.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab·2026·Human·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Does longer-muscle length resistance training cause greater longitudinal growth in humans? A systematic review.
Wolf M, Korakakis PA, Roberts MD et al.
Sports Med Health Sci·2026·Human·PubMed →
Concurrent training with long-interval HIIT does not impair skeletal muscle protein synthesis or hypertrophy: little evidence of an "interference effect".
Conceição M, Vechin FC, Telles G et al.
J Appl Physiol (1985)·2026·Human·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
A systematic review and meta-analysis examining if hyperplasia occurs in humans in response to resistance exercise.
Barton NV, Gowda HN, Dankel SJ
J Sports Med Phys Fitness·2026·Human·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Mechanical Overload-Induced Retinoid Metabolism Is Involved in Protein Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle of Female Mice.
Kitakaze T, Nakatsuji A, Harada N et al.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)·2026·Animal·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
A skeletal muscle atlas shows neuromuscular junction adaptations to growth and atrophy.
Campanario S, Grima-Terrén M, Rommelfanger M et al.
Dev Cell·2026·Animal·PubMed →
mTORC1 and nuclear ERK spatially control translation in cardiomyocytes through 4EBP1 phosphorylation.
Uchida K, Scarborough EA, Pruzinsky E et al.
Sci Signal·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Does Performing Partial Repetitions Beyond Momentary Failure Enhance Muscle Hypertrophy in Volume-Load-Equated Calf-Raise Resistance Training?
Goli A, Attarieh P, Nunes JP et al.
Int J Exerc Sci·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Overactive PDGFRα and PDGFRβ promote distinct phenotypes of skeletal muscle fibrosis and stiffness, with PDGFRβ also driving muscle growth.
Gimla M, Olszewski S, Brown JL et al.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Targeting C/EBPβ to Suppress Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertensive Heart Disease: Role of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7) Pathway.
Tie Y, Lin Z, Zhang M et al.
J Cell Mol Med·2026·Animal·Tissue Remodeling, Cardiovascular Risk·PubMed →
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester ameliorates high-fat diet-induced muscle textural deterioration in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) by modulating adipose-muscle crosstalk via myostatin-taz signaling.
Li H, Tian Z, Wei M et al.
Anim Nutr·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Depletion of p75NTR in Schwann Cells Driven by Inflammation Mediates Cutaneous Pain in Psoriasis.
Wang Y, Xu L, Pan C et al.
Adv Sci (Weinh)·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Hypertrophy Modelling to Study PAPP-A-Mediated IGFBP-4 Cleavage-a Mechanism That Regulates IGF Bioavailability in Adult Rats.
Artemieva MM, Makeeva AV, Adasheva DA et al.
Int J Mol Sci·2026·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Active immunization against myostatin and activin A improves skeletal muscle performance in growth hormone-deficient mice.
Mansoor MAM, Ashiqueali SA, Alam MT et al.
Geroscience·2026·Animal·PubMed →
THBS4 Regulates Pulmonary Hypertension via TGF-β/SMAD2 Signaling.
Zeng J, Li D, Wang J et al.
Hypertension·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Optimizing Strength and Hypertrophy: The Combined Effect of Intensity and Velocity Loss Thresholds in Bench Press Training.
Pareja-Blanco F, Sánchez-Valdepeñas J, Cornejo-Daza PJ et al.
Med Sci Sports Exerc·2026·Animal·PubMed →
[The mechanism of Rap1GAP in ventricular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis induced by angiotensin Ⅱ].
Li XY, Shan TT, Yao Y et al.
Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Chondrocyte proliferation without inflammation underlies botulinum toxin-induced mandibular enthesis bone hypertrophy in rats.
Mermet M, Massiquot Q, Gaborit N et al.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun·2026·Animal·Anti-Inflammatory·PubMed →
Hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio in female and male children and adolescents across the velocity spectrum.
Searles SA, Shoemaker ME, Cramer JT et al.
Eur J Appl Physiol·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Developmental expression patterns of the FXR-IGF axis during early skeletal muscle growth in ducks.
Chen L, Wang X, Luo J et al.
Poult Sci·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Growth performance and muscle histological characteristics of IPB-D3 chickens reared under intensive and free-range systems.
Prawira AY, Yuneldi RF, Khaerunnisa I et al.
Vet World·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Smooth muscle NR4A3 upregulation caused by endothelial Caveolin-1 deficiency mediates vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension.
Huang J, Liu J, Guo Y et al.
Free Radic Biol Med·2026·Animal·PubMed →
AJUBA Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy by Enhancing NEDD4-Mediated Ubiquitination and Degradation of DVL2.
Zhuang L, Xiong J, Zhou W et al.
Cell Biol Int·2026·Animal·PubMed →
High-dose ginsenoside Rg5 induces tissue-specific metabolic and transcriptional responses in muscle and liver of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
Ren L, Han X, Wang Q et al.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics·2026·Animal·PubMed →
The therapeutic potential of Myoki, a novel peptide in muscle atrophy: mechanisms and applications.
Kim EM, Kim SS, Hyun YG et al.
Front Pharmacol·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Macrodystrophia Lipomatosa: A Rare Case of Right Lower Extremity Gigantism Associated With Syndactyly.
Shehzadi HS, Atif S, Dogar IH et al.
Clin Case Rep·2026·Animal·PubMed →
CELF1 Downregulation Promotes Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy via Regulating Alternative Splicing of Tead1.
Hu L, Zhu K, Zeng S et al.
Genes (Basel)·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Dysregulated Klotho and FGF23 signalling aggravates vascular remodelling in age-related pulmonary hypertension.
Perret PL, Kim JH, Winkler A et al.
Cardiovasc Res·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Targeting Heightened Inflammatory Tone in IUGR Neonatal Lambs via Daily Oral Supplementation of ω-3 PUFA Improved Growth Rates, Muscle Mass, and Adiponectin Signaling.
White MR, Gibbs RL, Grijalva PC et al.
Metabolites·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Progressive Overload Affects the Magnitude of Muscle Hypertrophy.
Kassiano W, Santos-Melo V, Manske I et al.
Med Sci Sports Exerc·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Runx2 Regulated Airway Homeostasis Is Disrupted in Asthma.
Wang J, Faiz A, Ge Q et al.
FASEB J·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Dynamic transcriptome analysis highlights collagen-integrin-mediated extracellular matrix remodeling underlying sexual dimorphism in the amplexus muscle of Bufo gargarizans.
Mi Z, Liu X, Liu Y et al.
Biol Sex Differ·2026·Animal·Tissue Remodeling, Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Stage-specific transcriptional atlas of goose satellite cells uncovers molecular dynamics driving embryonic skeletal muscle development.
Wang C, Yang Y, Liu Y et al.
Poult Sci·2026·Animal·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Overexpression of Rtl1 via synonymous mutation silencing miRNA target site drives skeletal muscle hypertrophy and inflammation in mice.
Song X, Niu L, Fan X et al.
BMC Biol·2026·Animal·Muscle Recovery, Anti-Inflammatory·PubMed →
Paeonol alleviates pulmonary arterial hypertension by activation of BRCC3.
Yin Q, Xiong Z, Wang X et al.
Phytomedicine·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Echinatin Alleviates Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension by PPARγ Pathway Activation.
Feng W, Bai D, Mo S et al.
FASEB J·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Hypertrophic Effects of Single- versus Multi-Joint Exercise: A Direct Comparison Between Knee Extension and Leg Press.
Kinoshita M, Maeo S, Kobayashi Y et al.
Med Sci Sports Exerc·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Exercise intensity-dependent cardiac telocyte expansion is associated with physiological growth despite JAK/STAT pathway inactivity in male Wistar rats.
Borjian Fard M, Choobineh S, Soori R et al.
Exp Physiol·2026·Animal·Anti-Inflammatory·PubMed →
The calcimimetic etelcalcetide attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats with and without chronic kidney disease.
Okamoto H, Goto S, Nose Y et al.
Biomed Pharmacother·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Genetic Determinants of Heart Failure Susceptibility and Response in the Collaborative Cross Mouse Population.
Kimball TH, Luu AN, Gural B et al.
Genetics·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Swimming is superior to running in inducing physiological cardiac hypertrophy and enhancing myocardial performance.
Yoshizaki A, Antonio EL, Santos LD et al.
Sci Rep·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Regulation of skeletal muscle development and metabolism in broiler chickens by Urolithin A through threonine kinase 1 pathway activation.
Wu L, Peng L, Zhao X
Poult Sci·2026·Animal·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase IIIβ: A Therapeutic Target for Contractile Dysfunction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyocytes.
Willemars MMA, Sun A, Wang S et al.
Int J Mol Sci·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Porcine FRZB (sFRP3) Negatively Regulates Myogenesis via the Wnt Signaling Pathway.
Nie J, Fu Y, Hao X et al.
Animals (Basel)·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Fibre Type-Specific Proteomics Reveals Shared and Distinct Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Resistance Training and Beta(2)-Adrenergic Agonist.
Jessen S, Di Credico A, Moreno-Justicia R et al.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle·2026·Animal·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Dual-Mode Ventilation Promotes Diaphragm Function Recovery in Rats With Ventilator-Induced Diaphragmatic Dysfunction by Upregulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1.
Zheng XZ, Wu L, Chen Q et al.
J Surg Res·2026·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Resistin-Like Molecule Beta Participates in Calcium Regulation Via Direct Interaction With CaSR and a PLC-IP(3)R-Dependent Mechanism in Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension.
Liu G, Tian H, Tan J et al.
Pulm Circ·2026·Animal·PubMed →
Signal Recognition Granule Receptor Beta Subunit Promotes Arrhythmogenic Remodeling in the Heart Failure Mice.
Zhang J, Pan Y, Gong Y et al.
J Am Heart Assoc·2026·Animal·Tissue Remodeling·PubMed →
METTL14-mediated RNA m(6)A modifications of TET1 and TET2 in duck myoblast differentiation.
Liu J, Wu J, Liao Z et al.
Poult Sci·2026·Animal·Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Histopathology and spatial transcriptomics jointly map myofiber-specific pathological programs in mTORC1-driven myopathy.
Hsu JE, Zhao Q, Cheng W et al.
bioRxiv·2025·Animal·PubMed →