Research Index
Glycine-Proline-Glutamate (GPE) Research Index
PSI surfaces 50 peer-reviewed studies on Glycine-Proline-Glutamate (GPE), prioritized by evidence strength: human clinical research first, then animal studies. The full historical archive is linked below on PubMed.
50 studies
Patients' Lived Experiences of Spasticity.
Bhimani R, Xiong JB, Anderson L
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am·2026·Human·PubMed →
Patient Perceptions of a Preventive Effect of Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Therapy in Cervical Dystonia.
Hefter H, Samadzadeh S
Toxins (Basel)·2026·Human·PubMed →
LetibotulinumtoxinA for Rosacea: A Pilot Study.
Bańka-Wrona A, Wrona W, Barańska-Rybak W
Toxins (Basel)·2026·Human·Wound Healing·PubMed →
Longitudinal Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Morphology Following OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment of Masseter Muscle Prominence: Results of a 12-Month, Repeat-Treatment, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Adults.
Mallya SM, Kostenuik P, Hopfinger R et al.
Aesthet Surg J·2026·Human·PubMed →
Adverse neurological events following botulinum toxin type A: A case series of post-injection seizures and paralysis.
Li Q, Dai C, Wang H et al.
Toxicon X·2026·Human·PubMed →
Influence of Preoperative Cognitive Function, Self-Efficacy, and Postoperative Psychological Counselling on Anxiety and Depression Levels in Patients Undergoing Botulinum Toxin Injections.
Yu X, Zhang Y, Zhang L et al.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr·2026·Human·Cognitive Enhancement, Anxiety & Mood·PubMed →
Morphea En Coup De Sabre Treated With Combination Hyaluronic Acid Filler and Neuromodulator: A Case Report.
Jensen C, Remington BK
Cureus·2026·Human·PubMed →
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Greater Occipital Nerve Block and Botulinum Toxin Type A in Chronic Migraine: An Exploratory Pilot Study From a Tertiary Care Centre in a Resource-Limited Setting.
Singh B, Singla M, Kaushal H et al.
Cureus·2026·Human·PubMed →
Long-Term Outcomes of Preoperative Botulinum Toxin Use in Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of More Than 5000 Patients Over 5 Years.
Tanas Y, Chen S, Nguyen P et al.
Aesthet Surg J Open Forum·2026·Human·PubMed →
Atypical Respiratory Presentation of Pediatric Achalasia: A Case Report.
Munoz J, McClain A, Larson J et al.
Cureus·2026·Human·PubMed →
Botulinum Toxin Type A as an Early Intervention for Traumatic Oculomotor Nerve Palsy: A Pediatric Case Report.
Koiwa C, Negishi T, Ito M et al.
Cureus·2026·Human·PubMed →
Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Treatments for the Corrective Patient Archetype: Transforming Lives.
Shturman I, Garzón H, Coimbra D et al.
Aesthetic Plast Surg·2026·Human·PubMed →
[Experience of using Relatox in the complex rehabilitation of patients with lower limb spasticity after focal brain damage of various etiologies].
Khatkova SE, Krainova JS
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova·2026·Human·Neuroprotection·PubMed →
Unusual reflex tearing during micturition and defecation: a case report.
Alabdullah ZA, Alsubhi SS, Albadri KS
Orbit·2026·Human·PubMed →
Correction of Iatrogenic Facial Asymmetry Caused by Botulinum Toxin Using Contralateral Injection: A Case Report.
Bilal MR, Javaid RH, Bilal A
Aesthet Surg J Open Forum·2026·Human·PubMed →
How Would You Manage This Patient With Frequent Migraine Headaches? Grand Rounds Discussion From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
Libman H, Smetana GW, Hovaguimian AE et al.
Ann Intern Med·2026·Human·PubMed →
Dubious benefit of three injections of botulinum toxin in refractory chronic neck pain: retrospective data on 22 patients with a 9-month follow-up.
Fakih O, Chouk M, Verhoeven F et al.
Joint Bone Spine·2026·Human·PubMed →
Botulinum toxin type A for Lyell's syndrome-associated dyspareunia: A case report.
Costa FM, Alves M, Carvalho M et al.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol·2026·Human·PubMed →
Orofacial Drinking Tremor: A Case Series and Literature Review.
Birreci D, Angelini L, Aloisio S et al.
Mov Disord Clin Pract·2026·Human·PubMed →
How Can We Personalize the Delivery of Onabotulinumtoxin-A for Patients With Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction?
Wang SL, Jaffe WI, Smith AL
Neurourol Urodyn·2026·Human·PubMed →
Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of atogepant added to onabotulinumtoxinA for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine: A phase 3, multicenter, 24-week, open-label study.
Rothrock J, Najib U, Ailani J et al.
Cephalalgia·2026·Human·PubMed →
Nurse-led management of sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Guan H, Ma X, Jiang C et al.
Front Med (Lausanne)·2026·Human·PubMed →
A plastic surgery approach to Meige syndrome: Botulinum toxin for rebalancing facial dystonia and aesthetics - A case report.
Long X
JPRAS Open·2026·Human·PubMed →
Patient-Reported Outcomes After Treatment With OnabotulinumtoxinA for Platysma Prominence: Results From a Phase 2 Dose-Ranging Study.
Humphrey S, Shimoga S, Kaufman J et al.
J Cosmet Dermatol·2026·Human·Skin & Cosmetic·PubMed →
Comparing patient satisfaction and pain control between vibration and topical anesthesia during botulinum toxin A injections: a randomized, double-blind, split-face clinical trial.
de Carvalho DC, Rodrigues V, da Fonseca Josino FB et al.
J Cosmet Laser Ther·2026·Human·PubMed →
Botulinum toxin injection induced autoimmune thyroiditis and myxedema coma: A case report.
Gazwi K, Zaza T, Mitwally H et al.
SAGE Open Med Case Rep·2026·Human·PubMed →
Efficacy and Safety of LetibotulinumtoxinA Injection for Trapezius Hypertrophy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.
Kim TH, Kang HI, Lee SJ et al.
Aesthetic Plast Surg·2026·Human·PubMed →
Dexamethasone Admixture for Hypersensitivity Prevention in Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment: A Case Report.
Jia X, Liang Y, Chen Q et al.
J Cosmet Dermatol·2026·Human·PubMed →
Pyloric Metrics and Distensibility Plateau by Functional Luminal Imaging Probe in Pediatric Patients: A Pilot Study.
Osgood PT, Hoffmann NV, Wechsler JB et al.
Neurogastroenterol Motil·2026·Human·PubMed →
Neurophysiological assessment of F-, M-waves and cutaneous silent period in patients with caput patterns of cervical dystonia in the waning phase of botulinum toxin therapy.
Drużdż A, Dudzic M, Sowińska A et al.
Neurol Neurochir Pol·2026·Human·PubMed →
Evaluation of transnasal videoendoscopic-guided botulinum toxin injection in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia.
Ricard O, Lagrange E, Fraix V et al.
Otolaryngol Pol·2026·Human·PubMed →
Real-World Switch Rates, Treatment Patterns, and Healthcare Costs Among Patients With Spasticity Treated With Botulinum Toxins.
Dominguez A, Shah D, Cheng N et al.
Adv Ther·2026·Human·PubMed →
Iodine-starch test validity in amputee patients with hyperhidrosis.
Hansen C, Godfrey B, Balch A
Disabil Rehabil·2026·Human·PubMed →
Communication Experiences of Neurological Voice Disorder Patients With Automatic Voice Assistants and Human Listeners.
Ishikawa K, Renkert E, Baratz H et al.
J Voice·2026·Human·PubMed →
Early Use of Botulinum Toxin in Post-Stroke Spasticity Has the Potential to Prevent Post-Stroke Upper Limb Pain-A Secondary Analysis of the EUBoSS Randomised Controlled Trial.
Lindsay C, Philp F, Pandyan AD
Toxins (Basel)·2026·Human·PubMed →
Marginal Orbicularis Oris Hyperactivity (MOOH): An Exploratory Case Series of Inversion-Dominant Upper Lip Dynamics Following Intraoral Botulinum Toxin Type A.
Armenti AF
Toxins (Basel)·2026·Human·PubMed →
Botulinum Toxin Treatment Can Enlarge Eye Appearance in Asian Patients and Improves Social and Emotional Attributes.
de Maio M, Kato K, Sato M et al.
Toxins (Basel)·2026·Human·PubMed →
OnabotulinumToxinA Reduces Pharmacological Burden in Chronic Migraine Patients: A Two-Center Prospective Cohort Study.
Montisano DA, Parisi A, Raggi A et al.
Toxins (Basel)·2026·Human·PubMed →
Is Ready-To-Use AbobotulinumtoxinA More Effective Than OnabotulinumtoxinA for Glabellar Lines? A Randomized, Controlled, Triple-Blinded Clinical Trial.
Gonçalves JR, Valesan LF, Shishido ACLN et al.
J Cosmet Dermatol·2026·Human·Skin & Cosmetic·PubMed →
Predictors of response to botulinum toxin treatment in patients with primary hemifacial spasm: A prospective cohort study.
Jain S, Pandey S, Garg RK et al.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord·2026·Human·PubMed →
Evaluating the efficacy of botulinum toxin type a in alleviating neuropsychological symptoms in hemifacial spasm patients.
Ni X, Yang X, Wang L et al.
Neurol Res·2026·Human·PubMed →
Effects of apomorphine, spinal rTMS, and BoNT on camptocormia: an exploratory wearable sensor-based analysis in a patient with MSA.
De Monte D, Squintani GM, Ermanis G et al.
Toxicon·2026·Human·PubMed →
Topical imiquimod in the management of botulinum toxin-induced upper eyelid ptosis: A case series.
Abou Tayeh S, Merhi R, Khachan MJ et al.
JAAD Case Rep·2026·Human·PubMed →
The Underestimated Burden of Urgency Urinary Incontinence Borne by Older Women.
Cichowski S, Halder GE, Bradley M et al.
Urogynecology (Phila)·2026·Human·PubMed →
Relaxing Environment Lowers Anxiety During Chemodenervation: a Randomized Trial.
Franks E, Rigdon J, Kennelly M et al.
Urogynecology (Phila)·2026·Human·Anxiety & Mood·PubMed →
Enhanced Effectiveness of Onabotulinum Toxin A in Combination With Definisse KP1 Eye Contour Cream for Upper Face Rejuvenation: A Case Series.
Proietti I, Manni M
J Cosmet Dermatol·2026·Human·Skin & Cosmetic·PubMed →
Aesthetic interventions in patients with allergic skin diseases: Risk assessment and evidence-based preventive risk management.
Yiğit İK, Türsen Ü, Türsen B et al.
Clin Dermatol·2026·Human·PubMed →
Sialocele following excision of delayed-onset inflamed facial fat graft: A case report.
Ma IZ, Yoon S, Park JW et al.
Medicine (Baltimore)·2026·Human·PubMed →
Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Migraine on OnabotulinumtoxinA Therapy-A Study Performed at a Super Specialty Tertiary Hospital in Northeast India.
Barkataky N, Ali A, Lihite RJ et al.
Neurol India·2026·Human·PubMed →
Botulinum toxin use in patients with neurological disorders: A U.S.-based claims database analysis.
Simpson DM, Bouchard J, Page S et al.
PM R·2026·Human·PubMed →