Research Index
Cortexin Research Index
PSI surfaces 43 peer-reviewed studies on Cortexin, prioritized by evidence strength: human clinical research first, then animal studies. The full historical archive is linked below on PubMed.
43 studies
Provisional Treatment of Volumetric Muscle Loss With Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Releasing Muscle Void Fillers.
Clark AR, Adams AT, McKinley TO et al.
J Surg Res·2026·Animal·GH Activity, Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Revolutionary decellularized Alstroemeria stem-based nerve conduit integrated with GelMA and controlled IGF-1 LR3 release for enhanced rat sciatic nerve regeneration.
Yavuz E, Sağır MS, Ercan A et al.
Int J Biol Macromol·2025·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
IGF-1 LR3 does not promote growth in late-gestation growth-restricted fetal sheep.
White A, Stremming J, Wesolowski SR et al.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab·2025·Animal·GH Activity, Glycemic Control·PubMed →
Intranasal long R3 insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment promotes amyloid plaque remodeling in cerebral cortex but fails to preserve cognitive function in male 5XFAD mice.
Engel MG, Narayan S, Cui MH et al.
J Alzheimers Dis·2025·Animal·GH Activity, Cognitive Enhancement·PubMed →
Recombinant expression of IGF-1 and LR3 IGF-1 fused with xylanase in Pichia pastoris.
Lu Z, Liu N, Huang H et al.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol·2023·Animal ·GH Activity·PubMed →
Attenuated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during an acute IGF-1 LR3 infusion into fetal sheep does not persist in isolated islets.
White A, Stremming J, Brown LD et al.
J Dev Orig Health Dis·2023·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
N-Linked Glycosylation in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Is Critical for Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Signaling.
Salvi R, Kumar C, Brahmbhatt K et al.
Int J Mol Sci·2022·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Sheep recombinant IGF-1 promotes organ-specific growth in fetal sheep.
Stremming J, White A, Donthi A et al.
Front Physiol·2022·Animal·PubMed →
Reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion following a 1-wk IGF-1 infusion in late gestation fetal sheep is due to an intrinsic islet defect.
White A, Stremming J, Boehmer BH et al.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab·2021·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
IGF-1 infusion to fetal sheep increases organ growth but not by stimulating nutrient transfer to the fetus.
Stremming J, Heard S, White A et al.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab·2021·Animal·GH Activity, Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Coronary vascular growth matches IGF-1-stimulated cardiac growth in fetal sheep.
Jonker SS, Giraud GD, Chang EI et al.
FASEB J·2020·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Inhibition of activin-like kinase 4/5 attenuates cancer cachexia associated muscle wasting.
Levolger S, Wiemer EAC, van Vugt JLA et al.
Sci Rep·2019·Animal·Weight Loss, GH Activity·PubMed →
Epidermal growth factor receptor is required for estradiol-stimulated bovine satellite cell proliferation.
Reiter BC, Kamanga-Sollo E, Pampusch MS et al.
Domest Anim Endocrinol·2014·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Na+ transport across rumen epithelium of hay-fed sheep is acutely stimulated by the peptide IGF-1 in vitro.
Shen Z, Martens H, Schweigel-Röntgen M
Exp Physiol·2012·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Potentiation of growth factor signaling by insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in breast epithelial cells requires sphingosine kinase activity.
Martin JL, Lin MZ, McGowan EM et al.
J Biol Chem·2009·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Enhancement of maternal lactation performance during prolonged lactation in the mouse by mouse GH and long-R3-IGF-I is linked to changes in mammary signaling and gene expression.
Hadsell DL, Parlow AF, Torres D et al.
J Endocrinol·2008·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Effects of IGF-I bioavailability on bovine preantral follicular development in vitro.
Thomas FH, Campbell BK, Armstrong DG et al.
Reproduction·2007·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Leptin in the bovine corpus luteum: receptor expression and effects on progesterone production.
Nicklin LT, Robinson RS, Marsters P et al.
Mol Reprod Dev·2007·Animal·Liver Protection·PubMed →
In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the dual insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-554417.
Haluska P, Carboni JM, Loegering DA et al.
Cancer Res·2006·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Enhanced response of granulosa and theca cells from sheep carriers of the FecB mutation in vitro to gonadotropins and bone morphogenic protein-2, -4, and -6.
Campbell BK, Souza CJ, Skinner AJ et al.
Endocrinology·2006·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
The local expression and abundance of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins in skeletal muscle are regulated by age and gender but not local IGF-I in vivo.
Oliver WT, Rosenberger J, Lopez R et al.
Endocrinology·2005·Animal·Longevity, GH Activity, Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Interaction of bovine granulosa and theca cells in a novel serum-free co-culture system.
Allegrucci C, Hunter MG, Webb R et al.
Reproduction·2003·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphoinositol-3 kinase mediate IGF-1 induced proliferation of fetal sheep cardiomyocytes.
Sundgren NC, Giraud GD, Schultz JM et al.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol·2003·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Paracrine effects of oocyte secreted factors and stem cell factor on porcine granulosa and theca cells in vitro.
Brankin V, Mitchell MR, Webb B et al.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol·2003·Animal·PubMed →
Oocyte-mediated suppression of follicle-stimulating hormone- and insulin-like growth factor-induced secretion of steroids and inhibin-related proteins by bovine granulosa cells in vitro: possible role of transforming growth factor alpha.
Glister C, Groome NP, Knight PG
Biol Reprod·2003·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
IGF-I and IGFBP-3 transport in the rat heart.
Boes M, Dake BL, Booth BA et al.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab·2003·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Insulin-like growth factor-I and analogues increase growth in artificially-reared neonatal pigs.
Dunshea FR, Chung CS, Owens PC et al.
Br J Nutr·2002·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Modulatory effects of gonadotrophins and insulin-like growth factor on the secretion of inhibin A and progesterone by granulosa cells from chicken preovulatory (F1-F3) follicles.
Lovell TM, Gladwell RT, Groome NP et al.
Reproduction·2002·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Differential effects of insulin-like growth factor-I and gonadotropins on the proliferative activity of two subgroups of granulosa cells: cumulus oophorus and mural granulosa cells.
Khamsi F, Roberge S
Fertil Steril·2001·Human·GH Activity·PubMed →
Interactions between follicle-stimulating hormone and growth factors in modulating secretion of steroids and inhibin-related peptides by nonluteinized bovine granulosa cells.
Glister C, Tannetta DS, Groome NP et al.
Biol Reprod·2001·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus are different from mural granulosa cells in their response to gonadotrophins and IGF-I.
Khamsi F, Roberge S
J Endocrinol·2001·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Physicochemical characteristics of LR3-IGF1 protein inclusion bodies: electrophoretic mobility studies.
Wangsa-Wirawan ND, O'Neill BK, Middelberg AP
Biotechnol Prog·2001·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
The effect of insulin-like growth factor analogs on turkey satellite cell and embryonic myoblast proliferation.
Pesall JE, McFarland DC, McMurtry JP et al.
Poult Sci·2001·Animal·GH Activity, Muscle Recovery·PubMed →
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and long R(3)IGF-I differently affect development and messenger ribonucleic acid abundance for IGF-binding proteins and type I IGF receptors in in vitro produced bovine embryos.
Prelle K, Stojkovic M, Boxhammer K et al.
Endocrinology·2001·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Novel studies on influence of gonadotropins and insulin-like growth factor-I on growth of cumulus oophorus in the rat.
Khamsi F, Roberge S
Endocrine·2000·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
The modulation of gonadotrophic hormone action on the ovary by paracrine and autocrine factors.
Campbell BK
Anat Histol Embryol·1999·Animal·PubMed →
Clearance of IGFs and insulin from wounds: effect of IGF-binding protein interactions.
Robertson JG, Belford DA, Ballard FJ
Am J Physiol·1999·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
The role of insulin-like growth factors in small intestinal cell growth and development.
MacDonald RS
Horm Metab Res·1999·Review·GH Activity·PubMed →
Effects of dose of LH on androgen production and luteinization of ovine theca cells cultured in a serum-free system.
Campbell BK, Baird DT, Webb R
J Reprod Fertil·1998·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
Interactions between follicle-stimulating hormone and growth factors in regulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in bovine granulosa cells.
Khamsi F, Armstrong DT
Biol Reprod·1997·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →
The role of IGFBP-3 in the regulation of IGFBP-4 proteolysis.
Donnelly MJ, Holly JM
J Endocrinol·1996·Animal·Tissue Remodeling, GH Activity, Wound Healing·PubMed →
Effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factors on protein and energy metabolism in tumour-bearing rats.
Tomas FM, Chandler CS, Coyle P et al.
Biochem J·1994·Animal·Glycemic Control, GH Activity·PubMed →
Insulin-like growth factor-I and more potent variants restore growth of diabetic rats without inducing all characteristic insulin effects.
Tomas FM, Knowles SE, Owens PC et al.
Biochem J·1993·Animal·GH Activity·PubMed →